河流陆域环境交互区域风险评估方法研究

A risk analysis of interactive region of river and land area environmental systems

河流为人类社会的发展做出了巨大贡献,陆域的生产生活活动也给河流带来了不可忽视的影响,因此研究两者交互区域的风险评估并确定优先保护区域,对于促进两个系统健康发展具有十分重要的意义.本文从系统论角度出发,充分考虑了河流与陆域两个系统之间的联系与相互作用,分别对两个系统选取不同指标,河流环境系统主要考虑水体的水文、水质、生物、河岸带状况及压力等指标,陆域环境系统主要考虑社会压力指标、现有状态指标和恢复潜力指标,并将两个系统的评价结果带入风险评估矩阵对交互区域所处风险等级进行评价,并对云南省昆明市市内盘龙江河段和老运粮河河段进行了实例验证与分析,得到较为符合实际的评估结果,为今后该地区水体污染治理方向提供了一定的依据.

Rivers are essential part of basins while our social activities in land area will have certain influence on the river system.Therefore,a risk analysis of the interactive regions of these two systems is in need to determinate the priority area.Based on this,we analyzed the connection and then selected different indicators of these two systems respectively.For river environment system,we chose hydrological characteristics,water quality characteristics,biological indicators,riverside belt and pressure indicator;for land area environment system,social pressure and recovery potential,existing state were considered.We evaluated the relationship between the river and land area through the risk assessment matrix and applied this method in two cases in Kunming.The result is reasonable and can be referred in establishment of environmental rules for this area.