4种典型羟基化多溴联苯醚对斑马鱼胚胎的毒性和生物富集性

Embryonic toxicity and bioconcentration of four typical hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers to zebrafish

羟基化多溴联苯醚(OH-PBDEs)是近年来发现的一种新型有机污染物,它的存在与人类生产的PBDEs有着密切的关系,因而备受关注.本文以斑马鱼胚胎为受试生物,研究了2'-羟基-2,3',4,5'-四溴联苯醚(2'-OH-BDE-68)、3-羟基-2,2',4,4'-四溴联苯醚(3-OH-BDE-47)、5-羟基-2,2',4,4'-四溴联苯醚(5-OH-BDE-47)、6-羟基-2,2',4,4'-四溴联苯醚(6-OH-BDE-47)4种典型OH-PBDEs对斑马鱼胚胎毒性效应和富集规律,测定了孵化率、存活率、正常率、心率、体长等指标和斑马鱼早期生活阶段体内的生物富集系数.结果表明,4种OH-PBDEs暴露引起斑马鱼胚胎孵化率、心率、存活率下降,畸形率升高并抑制生长发育.组织病理学研究显示,受试组斑马鱼与空白相比,出现鳃结构紊乱、腮丝上皮增厚、组织残损、脱落甚至坏死及脊椎变形等症状.2'-OH-BDE-68、3-OH-BDE-47、5-OH-BDE-47、6-OH-BDE-47的生物富集系数(45 d-BCF值)分别为424、244、588和144.

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether（OH-PBDEs）,the major metabolites of PBDEs,have received great concern over their toxicity.In this study,the toxicity and bioconcentration of 4 typical OH-PBDEs,2＇-Hydroxy-2,3＇,4,5＇-tetrabromodiphenyl ether（2＇-OH-BDE-68）,3-Hydroxy-2,2＇,4,4＇-tetrabromodiphenyl ether（3-OH-BDE-47）,5-Hydroxy-2,2＇,4,4＇-tetrabromodiphenyl ether（5-OH-BDE-47） and 6-hydroxy-2,2＇,4,4＇-tetrabromodiphenyl ether（6-OH-BDE-47） to zebrafish（Danio rerio） embryos were investigated.The results showed that（1）The hatching rate,heart rate,survival rate decreased,the abnormal rate increased,and embryos development inhibited,when exposure to four OH-PBDEs.（2）Histopathological studies showed that gills structure disorders,cheek epithelial thicken,tissue damaged,and even necrosis,as well as spinal curvature,compared with the control.（3）BCF values of 2＇-OH-BDE-68,3-OH-BDE-47,5-OH-BDE-47,6-OH-BDE-47 were 424,244,588 and 144,respectively.