安徽省宿州市2013-2016年婴儿卡介苗接种效果及影响因素分析

Bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccination effect and its influencing factors among infants in Suzhou city of Anhui province,2013-2016

目的分析宿州市2013-2016年婴儿卡介苗(BCG)接种效果及其影响因素。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法在宿州市5个县区抽取<1岁且接种BCG后12周以上的健康婴儿,调查接种后的卡痕率、卡痕均径、卡介菌纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)试验阳性率及其影响因素。结果 2 605名调查婴儿的卡痕率为92.71%,卡痕均径(中位数)为4 mm,PPD试验阳性率为80.88%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,夏秋季节接种BCG的婴儿比冬春季节接种的婴儿PPD试验阳性率高(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.60-0.95);卡痕均径≥3 mm比<3 mm的婴儿PPD试验阳性率高(OR=1.72,95%CI:1.61-1.84)。结论宿州市BCG总体接种质量较好,卡痕均径、接种季节是影响BCG接种效果的因素。

Objective To evaluate the effect of immunization with Bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccine（ BCG） and its influencing factors among infants in Suzhou city of Anhui province during 2013-2016.Methods We used simple random sampling to select healthy infants from 5 counties of Suzhou born between 2013 and 2016 who were less than 1 year old and who had been vaccinated with BCG more than12 weeks prior to study enrollment. We evaluated subjects＇ BCG scars,scar diameter,and the positivity rate of the BCG purified protein derivative（ BCG-PPD） test and its influencing factors. Results Among the 2 605 subjects,the BCG scar rate was 92. 71%,the median scar diameter was 4 mm,and the PPD positivity rate was 80. 88%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the PPD positivity rate was higher among infants who received BCG during summer and autumn than in infants who received BCG during winter and spring（ OR = 0. 76,95% CI： 0. 60-0. 95）,and was higher among infants who had scar diameters ≥3 mm compared with infants having scar diameters 3 mm（ OR = 1. 72,95% CI： 1. 61-1. 84）. Conclusions The overall quality of BCG immunization was high in Suzhou. Scar diameter and vaccination season may be associated with the effect of BCG.