灵宝铸鼎原新石器时代聚落变迁的地貌背景考察

A Geoarchaeological Study of the Neolithic Settlements and Their Developments in Zhudingyuan, Lingbao

自然环境是影响人类选择居址的重要因素。通过对灵宝铸鼎原新石器时代聚落所处地貌类型的考察,我们发现,仰韶文化初期、早期,人类主要居住于较低的河流阶地等地貌类型上;仰韶文化中期,人类居住范围扩大,除河流阶地外更高的黄土台塬、洪积扇成为人类居住的重要地貌类型;从仰韶文化晚期开始,人类居住的重心转移到了黄土台塬、洪积扇上,并且这一趋势一直延续到龙山时代。从早至晚,人类居址存在一个向更高地貌面转移的趋势。同时,区域水系也是影响聚落分布的一个重要因素。

The natural environment is a fundamental concern, when establishing a settlement. This articleanalyzes the landscape of the Neolithic settlements at Zhudingyuan, Lingbao. Our research reveals that thesettlement locations were on river terraces, during the early and middle Yangshao period. From the middleYangshao period onwards, the settlements turned to be located on the loess platform, the tradition of whichcontinued into the Longshan period. It seems there was a general ascending tendency in the long run. Inaddition, the river system also plays a significant role in regards to settlement location.