高速电主轴运行状态评价指标体系的建立与分析

Indictor system for evaluating the running performance of high speed motorized spindle

高速电主轴单元作为高精密机床的核心功能部件,其运行状态直接影响机床的加工性能,掌握高速主轴单元的实时运行情况对于提高数控机床的加工效率、合理安排设备维护和延长设备使用寿命都具有非常重要的实际意义。通过建立层次型的评价指标体系,对电主轴运行状态影响因素指标进行模型简化。采用层次分析法确定各个影响指标的权重,来表征不同因素对电主轴状态的影响程度,最后结合综合指数对电主轴运行状态进行量化评价。以100MD60Y4型电主轴为例进行实验验证,获取综合评价指数,可以实现对运行状态的等级划分,通过监测影响因素的评价指数能够对运行状态劣化原因进行追溯,为合理安排检修和缩短维护时间提供了理论支持,证明了电主轴运行状态评价指标模型的有效性和可行性。

High-speed spindle system is the core component of high-precision machine tools, and its running state directly affects the machine tool performance. This paper proposed an indictor system for evaluating the real-time running performance of the high-speed spindle to improve the processing efficiency of CNC machine tools, arrange the equipment maintenance and extend its service life. The main factors affecting the running performance of the spindle was modeled through the hierarchical evaluation index system. The weight of each influence index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process （ AHP）, re- presenting the influencing degree of different factors. The running performance of the motor spindle was evaluated based on the composite index. Taking 100MD60Y4 type electric spindle as an example to verify the indictor system, the results showed that the running performance were classified according to the composite evaluation index, and the cause of deterioration could be traced back by monitoring the e- valuation index of influencing factors. The proposed indictor system could provide theoretical support for rational arrangement of maintenance and shortening maintenance time, and proves the validity and feasi- bility of the model for evaluating the running performance of the motorized spindle.