STEM教育的国策分析与实践模式

An Analysis of National Policies and Practical Models for STEM Education

近年来,由于科学技术的发展,STEM教育受到世界各国的普遍关注和追捧。美国开展STEM教育已逾30年。本文对实用主义哲学背景下的美国STEM教育溯因探源,从国家教育理念与政策取向、实施方略、课程建设、教学探索和STEM生态发展等视角归纳分析国际上STEM教育的主要实践模式,并提出针对中国STEM教育发展的四层架构、整合机制、学科建设方法论、能力建设和学习生态系统发展等方面建议。

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, STEM education has been widely concerned and sought after all over the world. STEM education has developed in the United States for more than 30 years. This paper traces the origin of STEM Education in the background of pragmatic philosophy, then studies and summarizes the educational ideas, implemental methods, practical strategies, instructional exploration and ecological development for STEM education, finally gives a series of advices including the Four Layer Frame, the integration mechanism, methods of discipline construction, the system of the capacity building and learning ecosystem for STEM education in China.