朱熹文体学思想的学术渊源及影响

The Academic Origin and Influence of Zhu Xi's Stylistic Thoughts

朱熹的文体学思想渊源有自,首先是继承前人并与其儒家的理学哲学思想密切相关。其中,朱熹核心的文体观即"亦须先识得古今体制"和"读诗须先识得六义体面"之辨体为先思想,就是其"先体而后用"思想的反映。他主要继承了黄庭坚、谢良佐、吕本中以来宋时名公的"先其体制"的辨体论观点,并影响了真德秀、吕祖谦、严羽、倪思、王应麟等学者的文体观。而其"变而不失其正"的破体变体观,则远接孔子、庄子,近承秦观、谢良佐、吕本中和胡寅,并对南宋中晚期李明复、朱鉴、李杞、俞琰、黄伦、卫湜及明清学者相关的辨体批评观产生了重要影响。

The origin of Zhu Xi＇s stylistic thoughts has its own ground. First,he inherited them from his forerunners which are closely related to his Neo-Confucian philosophical thoughts. The core of his stylistic viewholds that Bian Style is prior to other things,termed as ＂the priority of learning ancient and modern systems of body ＂and ＂the mastery of six artistic skills before reading poems＂,which is the reflection of the view＂body has priority over use＂. In fact,he carried on the viewof Bian Style of ＂the priority of body ＂from Huang Tingjian,Xie Liangzuo,Lü Benzhong,and etc.,and further influenced the stylistic views of other scholars,such as Zhen Dexiu,LüZuqian,Yan Yu,Ni Si,Wang Yinglin,and etc. In addition,his viewof ＂Breaking Style and Variant Style＂,termed as＂variant as well as authoritative＂,carried forward the traditional thoughts from Confucius,Zhuangzi,Qin Guan,Xie Liangzuo,Lü Benzhong,and Hu Yin,and exerted important influence upon scholars in the mid and late Southern Song Dynasty,such as Li Mingfu,Zhu Jian,Li Qi,Yu Yan,Huang Lun and Wei Shi,as well as the Qing Dynasty.