湖南地区淡水甲壳类中重金属锑含量及其污染评价

The Analyze of Total Antimony in the Crustacean and Pollution Evaluation in Hunan Province

目的掌握湖南地区的淡水产品类中总锑含量状况,评价淡水产品类中锑污染程度,为膳食锑暴露评估提供基础数据。方法利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定淡水产品类中总锑含量,并采用重金属单因子污染指数法对不同种类淡水产品类中总锑含量状况进行评价。结果在81份淡水产品类中,锑检出率为86.4%,总锑含量平均数为0.011 mg/kg,中位数为0.007 7 mg/kg,最小值为未检出,最大值为0.068 mg/kg。P5~P95的参考范围为ND^0.034 mg/kg。各种类淡水产品类总锑含量中位数蟹类、螺类>虾类,其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经重金属单因子污染指数法评价,所有淡水产品类类重金属单因子污染指数均小于0.2,表明本次所检淡水产品类样品处于正常的背景值范围内。结论湖南地区所采集的淡水产品类样品均检出锑,但总锑含量处于正常背景值水平,尚未出现锑污染现象。

Objective To investigate content of total antimony in the crustacean, evaluate the pollution of antimony in the crustacean and provide the basic data for diet exposure evaluation. Methods The content of total antimony was detected by Hydride Generation - atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the antimony pollution in several freshwater products is evaluated by the method of single factor pollution index. Result 81 samples were analyzed, the determination rate was 86.4 %, the average of total antimony was 0.011 mg/kg, the medium was 0.0077 mg/kg, the maximum was 0.068 mg/kg, and the confidence interval was ND - 0.034 mg/kg （PS-P95）. The medium from high to low were crab and snail than shrimp, no significant difference existed among various meat, the content from the animal intestines was higher than that from meat. By the method of single factor pollution index, the index from all samples was less than 0.2, suggesting the samples involved were under the normal background value. Conclusion The antimony was detected in all samples and under the background value, we drew a conclusion that no antimony pollution in the crustacean in Hunan province.