Unity3D支持的DEM地形三维可视化表达技术实现

The Technology of DEM of 3D Terrain Visualization Based on Unity3D

近年来,三维地形可视化、三维空间分析已经成为三维地理信息系统领域的前沿问题。为改正传统GIS中面三维将高程坐标仅仅作为附属坐标而导致无法构建地形真三维模型,同时也无法提供地下信息的缺点,基于Unity3D游戏引擎和ArcGIS平台,采用任意地形灰度图为数据源,将灰度图转化ASCII栅格文件读入Unity3D中,最终利用Gameobject中Cube元素,实现了DEM中规则格网模型的真三维展示,利用Gameobject的Mesh元素,采用顺时针索引数组实现了DEM中TIN的真三维展示,由于U3D引擎具有独立的Y坐标(在U3D中高程坐标以Y轴表示)特性,使其能够创建真正意义的真三维模型,同时可以在摄像头上添加镜头旋转脚本以实现模型的360度浏览。

In recent years, 3D terrain visualization and 3D spatial analysis have become the front problem of GIS. For solving the disadvantages in traditional GIS that elevation coordinates just as subsidiary coordinates. This causes the true 3D model of terrain can not be constructed and could not retrieve the information of underground. The DEM model is generated by Unity 3D and ArcGIS platform, turning random gray scale map into ASCII raster file then import it into Unity3D. The Grid of DEM is generated by the Cube of Gameobject and the mesh of Gameobject employs clockwise index array to create the TIN of DEM, due to Y coordinates in Unity 3D is independent （elevation coordinates are represent by the Y axis）, the true 3D model can be constructed at the same time adds the camera rotation script to main camera can see the model 360 degree.