尼克松政府干涉1970年智利总统大选评析

An Analysis of Interference of Nixon Administration in the Presidential Election of Chile in 1970

在尼克松政府干涉1970年智利总统大选的动因中,保障美国在拉美地区的绝对安全是起着决定作用的核心变量,意识形态并非关键原因,经济利益的影响则几乎可以忽略不计。尼克松政府对1970年智利总统大选的干涉由多部门共同参与,谋划也很缜密。然而,阿连德仍然顺利成功上台,没有遇到任何实质性障碍。就原因而言,当时美国外交走向"缓和"的整体变化、智利基民党的分裂及其内部中左翼势力坐大、总统弗雷的个性与智利军队对职业化传统的坚持,共同决定了尼克松政府的所有努力皆归于失败。

Among all the motives of the interference of Nixon administration in the presidential election of Chile in 1970, guaranteeing the absolute security of America in Latin America is the core variable that plays a decisive role. Ideology is noncritical, and meanwhile the impact of economic benefits is too trivial to men- tion. Multiple departments jointly engaged in the interference of Nixon administration in Chile＇s presidential election of 1970 and the plotting was meticulous. However, Allende still took office successfully without any substantive obstacles. As far as the reasons are concerned, factors including that the overall changing tone of American diplomacy toward ＂detente＂, the Christian Democrats＇ split and the strengthen of its centre - left forces, the former president Frei＇s personality and the adherence to professional tradition of Chile military all - together determine the doomed failure of the interference of Nixon administration.