大学生肌肉及心肺耐力适能评价指标与特征

Muscular and Cardiovascular Fitness Characteristics and Assessment Index in Chinese Colligate Students Aged from 17 to 23

采用分层整群抽样测试与大样本数据分析方法,对我国不同地区2万余名高校大学生(17—23岁)肌肉与心肺适能评价指标及发展特征进行研究。结果表明,我国17—23岁男大学生左、右手握力随年龄增长呈现增长趋势,女大学生左、右手握力随年龄增长的变化不明显。男大学生1 min原地下蹲起次数随年龄增长表现小幅增加趋势,女大学生1 min原地下蹲起次数随年龄增长呈现下降趋势。男女大学生随年龄增长,1 min仰卧起坐成绩呈上升趋势。男女大学生心肺耐力测试成绩的线性变化呈相反趋势。建议将1 min原地蹲起、1 min仰卧起坐、男子1 600 m跑、女子1 200 m跑作为我国大学生肌肉耐力与心肺耐力评价指标。

In order to investigate the physical fitness characteristics on muscular and cardiovascular fitness,over 20,000 colli-gated male and female students aged from 17 to 23 were measured and assessed about grip strength,1 min air squat,1 min crunch,and 1600m run for male and 1 200 m run for female. The results show that,grip strength increases with age in male students and grip strength keeps stable with age in female students. 1 min air squat numbers were increased by small degree with age in male and decreased by small degree with age increase in female. 1 min crunch numbers increased with age both in male and female. For cardiovascular fitness,male students and female students showed inverse relationship and characters in 1 600 m run and 1 200 m run performance. 1 min air squat,1 min crunch,1600m run for male and 1 200 m run for female were recommended for muscular endurance assessment.