限食对树麻雀能量代谢及消化道形态结构的影响

Influence of diet restriction on the energy metabolism and digestive tract morphology in Passer montanus

为探讨限食对树麻雀(Passer montanus)生理生化指标和消化道形态的影响,按其体重随机分为对照组、半饥饿组和1/4饥饿组进行驯化,驯化结束后测定其生理生化指标和消化道形态变化.研究发现,随着限食程度的加大,半饥饿组和1/4饥饿组的体质量、基础代谢率(Basal metabolic rate,BMR)、体脂质量分数、糖原含量、消化道绒毛高度、宽度及肠壁截面积与对照组相比呈降低趋势,器官鲜质量、消化能、消化率、消化道长度呈升高趋势.表明限食是影响树麻雀消化道形态改变的重要环境因子之一;在限食条件下,树麻雀通过降低体质量,增加摄入能、改变消化道形态结构,消耗体内的能量储备和减少基础能耗来缓解食物短缺的生存压力.

In order to explore the influence of diet restriction on the physiological and biochemical indexes and digestive tract morphology ofthetree sparrow （Passer montanus）. According to body weight, the sparrowswere divided into the control group, semi starvation group, and aquarterstarvation group, re- spectively. After hunger domestication, the changes of the physiological and biochemical indexes anddi- gestive tract morphology were determined. The study found that with the increase of food restriction de- gree, in thesemi starvation group and aquarterstarvation group, the body weight, Basal metabolic rate （BMR） fraction, body fat mass fraction, glycogen content, theheightand width of the gastrointestinal vil- li, the cross-sectional area of the digestive tract showed a decline trend when compared withthe control group, while the fresh weight of organ, digestive energy, digestibility and the length of digestive tract have a trend of increasing. These results indicate that the diet restriction is one of an important environ- mental factors that affect the morphology of digestive tract in tree sparrow. Under the condition of food restriction, tree sparrowsreduce the body weight, increase energy intake, modify the structure of diges- tive tract, consume energy reserves of the body and reduce energy consumption toalleviate the survival pressure caused by food shortages.