韩国汉语习得者普通话声调感知能力的发展

Cognitive Perception of Modern Chinese Tones Acquired by South Korean Learners

观察韩国汉语习得者习得汉语时间的长短与他们在识别普通话四声时的脑偏侧化之间的关系。,笔者随机任意抽取30例以韩语为母语的韩国汉语习得者为研究对象,年龄是22.96±2.62岁,根据韩国汉语习得者学习汉语时间的长短分为24个月以内、36个月以上两组。用双耳分听技术进行普通话元音音节四声的识别测试,统计元音音节四声识别的错误率。结果发现学习汉语24个以内的韩国汉语习得者"阴平"和"去声"感知的双耳主效应显著(P<0.05),右耳(大脑左半球)反应时间显著低于左耳(大脑右半球);双手主效应显著(P<0.05),左手反应时间显著低于右手。学习汉语36个以上的韩国汉语习得者"阴平""去声"和"上声"感知的双耳主效应显著(P<0.05),右耳(大脑左半球)反应时间显著低于左耳(大脑右半球)。"阴平"感知的双手主效应显著(P<0.05),左手反应时间显著低于右手。笔者得出学习汉语24个月以内的韩国汉语习得者在识别普通话元音音节四声"阴平"和"去声"时显示出显著的右耳(大脑左半球)优势。36个月以上的韩国汉语习得者的声调感知发展的结果是右耳(大脑左半球)感知"上声"能力的提高。

To investigate the relationship between the advantage ear （brain hemisphere） and the Category5s Perception of the Chinese tones acquired by South Korean Learners. Four types of Chinese vowel syllables tones were used as experimental materials with dichotic listening technology to test 30 Korean-speaking Chinese learners who studied Chinese for about 12 and 36 months respectively in two groups at the age of 20？29 （mean age is 22.96 ± 2.62）, and then error rate was processed in statistics. The error rate for identifying the four Chinese tones by 12 month-long participants in reaction to the first tones was P〈0.05, and to the fourth tones, P〈0.05; this suggested that their right ear was the advantageous ear （the left hemisphere） with the left hand （P〈0.05） used as a hand of reaction. The rate by 36 month-long learners in reaction to the first tones was P〈0.05, to the third tones, P〈0.05, and to the fourth tones, P〈0.05. This suggested that their right ear was the advantageous ear （the left hemisphere）. As for the main effects of both hands, the first and the second tones suggested that those in the 36 months5 group had a right hand advantage （P〈0.05）. The South Korean learners who studied Chinese for about 12 months identify the First and Fourth tones of Modern Chinese in the right ear （left cerebral hemisphere）, and its main effects were significant; as for the main effects of both hands, the First and Fourth tones suggested that the learners had a left hand advantage when the sounds were heard by the left or the right ear; and the learners who studied Chinese fro over 36 months developed the Third tones’ perception ability.