我国体育赛事转播的知识产权保护研究

Research on the protection of intellectual property rights of sports events in China

我国"十三五"规划推动健康中国建设的号召,体育产业和体育赛事加速发展,由此带来的体育赛事转播权收益不断增加,体育赛事转播权的纷争日益增多,而相关法律规定不够完善,使得理论界对其定性不清且争议较大。2016年两会关于加强体育赛事节目知识产权保护的提案反映了我国完善体育知识产权的客观需要。采用文献研究结合逻辑分析的形式,从体育赛事转播权的历史发展、权利构成、现存困境、相关判例、域外经验等基本角度展开,最终得到如下结论:体育赛事本身因其特性不能成为著作权法意义上的作品而不受其保护;体育赛事画面受著作权法保护,但其定性影响其权力大小;现行著作权法仅可以在一定范围内给予赛事转播权保护。因此提出,借鉴国外相关立法和司法实践,通过网络监管部门加强监管、司法机关发布司法解释、行政机关规范转播授权程序等方式,使体育赛事转播权得到最大限度的保护。

With the recommendation of ＂healthy China＂ brought by the 13th Five-year Plan, reve- nues brought by broadcast copyright in the field of sport competitions account for more percentage of total revenues. However, there are more and more disputes of broadcast copyright. The current law is not perfect, which brings about arguments about the property of sport competition broadcast copyright in academic cycles. The two sessions in 2016 strengthened the protection of intellectual property rights of sports events, which reflects the objective needs of our country to improve the sports intel- lectual property rights. Reference document method and logical analysis method are adopted in this essay, with aspects of the history, components, surroundings, court judgments of sport competition broadcast copyright, foreign experience. Such conclusions are drawn： Sport competition itself cannot be protected by Copyright Law due to its intrinsic features. Copyright Law can protect sport competi- tion frame. But whether it is regarded as ＂works＂ or ＂production＂ implies directly whether its possessor should propose copyright or neighboring right, which has an influence on its right extension. Sport competition broadcast copyright can be protected by currentCopyright Lawto some extent. Accordingly, it is suggested that we adopt relevant legislation and judicial practice to make sport competition broadcast copyright protected effectively and efficiently. Internet monitor departments can strengthen supervise in Internet broadcast. Judicial office can release judicial interpretation to define the content and extension of sport competition broadcast copyright. Administrative organization can regulate the authorization procedure of sport competition broadcast copyright.