竞技体育拯救人类“死亡本能”的社会学释义

Sociological interpretation of competitive sports saving human "death instinct"

运用文献研究、逻辑分析等方法,对弗洛伊德"体育拯救人类‘死亡本能’"的著名论断进行社会学剖析,分别于个体与群体视角阐释竞技体育在对抗人类"死亡本能"过程中所体现出的社会价值。竞技体育通过对体能的强化、卓越的追求、和平的期盼、教育的渴求等来实现对人类"死亡本能"的拯救。竞技体育的发展危机源于对人类"死亡本性"拯救主旨的偏离,具体表现为对社会个体的精神与肉体养护的淡化;对群体性活动的过度开发与利用;对竞技体育游戏本质的僭越。

The paper tries to make a sociological analysis of competitive sports saving human ＂ death instinct＂ by the methods of literature and logical analysis, and to explain the social values in the process of sports against ＂death instinct＂ from the perspective of individual and masses. Sports sav- ing human ＂ death instinct＂ will be realized by strengthening physical power, pursuing brilliance, looking forward to peace and hankering for education. The developmental crisis of competitive sports comes from the deviation from the keynote of human saving ＂death instinct＂. The concrete performances are the desalination of curing the individual mind and body, excessive exploitation and utiliza- tion of group activities, and the beyond of the competitive sports games nature.