从多功能词“给”的不同表现看汉语官话语法类型

On Multi-functional Word Gei(给) and the Types of Mandarin Grammar

西南官话文献及河南中原官话的"给"可以做给予动词、通表与事范畴三种关系的介词及并列连词。这与北京官话文献和当今普通话的"给",还有琉球官话课本和典型的南方诸方言给予动词的多功能模式都不相同,而与古代汉语中的多功能词"与"相平行,这是一个值得关注的具有类型学意义的问题。此外,部分河南中原官话的"给"还发展出处置介词的功能。

Gei（给） in Southwest（西南 ） Mandarin Literature and Henan（河南） Zhongyuan（中原） Mandarin is used as a giving-verb, a dative preposition and a coordinating conjunction, which is different from Gei（给） in Peking Mandarin literature and mandarin today, as well as the Ryukyu（琉球） Mandarin textbooks and the typical southern dialects, but parallels to the multi-functional word Yu（与） in ancient Chinese. This is a matter of concern about typology. In addition, Gei（给） in part of Central Plains Mandarin also developed to be a disposal preposition.