母乳对子代肠道微生物的影响

Effects of Breast Milk on the Infant Gastrointestinal Microbiota

母乳含有较复杂的营养成分,除提供基础的营养外,还包含一些增强子代肠道黏膜屏障功能和免疫功能的活性因子。这些活性因子能提高子代对疾病的抵抗能力,并且在促进子代的生长发育和健康方面起重要作用。自从发现母乳中的活性因子还包含有微生物后,其对肠道微生物的影响日益受到关注。了解母乳及肠道这两大复杂结构及它们的相互作用关系,将对如何维持母体和子代的健康起一定的指导作用。文章对母乳中的微生物种类、营养物质以及它们对子代肠道微生物的影响进行了介绍。

Breast milk contains complex nutrients, in addition to providing the basis of nutrition, it also includes some bioactive factors that enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier function and immune activity in offspring. These bioactive factors can improve disease resistance and play important roles in the growth and development of the offspring. Since the microbe was detected in the bioactive factors, the impact of breast milk on the gut microbes is receiving increasing attention. Understanding the complex structures of breast milk and intestine and their interaction will guide the maintenance of the health of the mother and her offspring. This paper introduced the microbiological species and nutrients in breast milk as well as their effects on the infant gastrointestinal microbiota.