自装载式混凝土搅拌车自动称重控制系统

Automatic Weighing and Control System of Self-loading Mobile Concrete Mixer

为解决自装载式混凝土搅拌车称重系统物料配比偏差问题,保证混凝土质量,提出了一种自动称重控制系统。基于真实工况数据进行FFT分析得到频谱图,设计一阶低通滤波器,滤除振动冲击误差干扰。确定系统硬件方案,提出自动化控制结构。基于CAN通讯协议实现人机交互。制定分段式预估控制策略,搭建控制模型,实现上料过程精准控制,提高自动化程度;设置清零功能,消除上料过程中累积误差。经测试验证,上水与固体物料的精度在±5 kg以内,满足精度需求,自动化程度高,成本较低且可靠性良好,对自装载式混凝土搅拌车的自动化发展具有重要意义。

The ingredients weight of concrete produced by self-loading mobile concrete mixers is not accurate at present,in order to solve this problem,an automatic weighing and control system is proposed. A kind of low-pass first order filter is designed on the base of FFT analysis of real working condition to remove the effects of vibrationimpact which are unavoidable in the actual working condition. The systematic hardware is confirmed,and the architecture of automatic control system is proposed which can achieve human-computer interaction by CAN communication protocol; the sub-type predictive control strategy and model are made to achieve automatic weighing and assure the quality of concrete; the added reset functionality can eliminate the cumulative error in the process of feeding.Finally,the precision of adding water by the automatic weighing and control system is within ± 5 kg,and the precision of adding sand is within ± 10 kg in the test,both of which meet requirements. The whole system has advantages of simple operation,reliable running and high automation level. Furthermore,a foundation for the automation development of self-loading mobile concrete mixers was established.