压力传导及其非预期性后果——以霾污染治理为中心的讨论

Pressure Transmission and Its Unanticipated Consequences——A Study on Air Pollution Control

中国的环境治理呈现出自上而下的压力传导和层层加码逻辑,这是具有中国特色的环境治理机制。随着排名与限批压力、约谈压力、问责压力和民意压力的增强,地方政府的环境治理力度明显增强。从纵向历史变迁的角度看,当下的压力传导格局发生了深刻变化。自上而下的压力传导破解了常规治理中无法解决的体制机制障碍,对推动环境治理进程产生了实质性影响,但同时产生了很多非预期性后果,必须引起高度重视。为实现标本兼治,需要按照治理体系和治理能力现代化的要求,推进科学治理与精准治理。

China＇s environmental governance demonstrates logic of top-down pressure transmission and pressure adding at every lower level,which is an environmental governance mechanism with Chinese characteristics.With the increased pressure of ranking and limited approval,interview,accountability and public opinion,environmental governance of the local governments is enhanced significantly.From the perspective of historical change,the current pattern of pressure transmission undergoes profound changes.Top-down pressure transmission breaks down institutional obstacles that couldn＇t be resolved in conventional governance and has had a substantial impact on promoting the process of environmental governance.However,at the same time,it has produced many unanticipated consequences that must be attached great importance to.In order to address both the symptoms and root cause,it is necessary to promote scientific and precise governance according to the modernizing requirements of the environmental governance system and governance capacity.