社会距离与后果严重性对异性交往情境中风险决策的影响

The Influence of Social Distance and Consequence Severity on Risk Decision-making in the Interaction with Opposite Sex

选取272名大学生为被试,采用3(社会距离:为最好朋友决策、为陌生人决策、自我决策)×2(后果严重性:不严重、严重)×2(性别:男、女)的混合实验设计,探讨了社会距离和后果严重性对异性交往情境中风险决策的影响。运用SPSS19.0,以社会距离、后果严重性与性别为自变量,风险偏好得分为因变量进行重复测量方差分析,结果发现:(1)社会距离主效应显著,自我决策比为最好朋友与陌生人决策更保守;(2)后果严重性主效应显著,后果严重任务比不严重任务更保守;(3)性别主效应显著,男性比女性更冒险;(4)社会距离、后果严重性与性别之间的交互作用显著,男女在面对不严重的后果时,为自己决策比较保守,为最好朋友和陌生人比较冒险;而在面对严重后果时,男性为自己和陌生人决策比为最好朋友决策更冒险;女性则差异不显著。

272 university students are tested by the mixed experimental design of 3（ Social Distance-decision for best friends,decision for strangers,self decision） ＊ 2（ Consequence Severity-less serious,serious） ＊ 2（ Gender-male,female） to study the influence of social distance and consequence severity of risk decision-making in the interaction with the opposite sex. Taking social distance,consequence severity and gender as independent variables,risk preference score as dependent variables,SPSS19. 0 is used to do repeated measurement variance analysis and the results show that the main effect of social distance is significant while self decision is more conservative than those for best friends and strangers; that the main effect of consequence severity is significant while serious consequence tasks are more conservative than the opposite; that the main effect of gender is significant and the males are more risky than the females and that the interaction effect is significant among social distance,consequence severity and gender. In the face of less serious consequences,males and females have more conservative self-decisions than those for best friends and strangers. But in the face of serious consequences,males take more risky decisions for themselves and strangers than those for best friends while females take few differences.