体外受精出生婴儿的围产期情况和出生缺陷

Study on the neonatal outcomes and congenital malformations in children born after in-vitro ferti-lization

目的 探讨试管婴儿发生先天畸形、围产期合并症及死亡的危险性.方法 选择在郑大一附院接受体外受精助孕的1236例母亲所产婴儿1271例（体外受精组）,及同期分娩的正常受孕母亲所生婴儿5972例（自然妊娠组）进行分析,比较两组母亲围产期情况及新生儿情况、出生缺陷及出生缺陷受累系统.结果 体外受精组母亲的分娩年龄、早产、剖宫产及双/三胎妊娠率均显著高于自然妊娠组（P均〈0.05）;体外受精组新生儿低出生体质量、LBW率显著高于自然妊娠组（P均〈0.05）.体外受精组中ICSI组畸形率显著高于对照组,分别为2.68％和1.44％（P〈0.05）.体外受精各组各个系统的出生缺陷与自然妊娠组比较差异未见统计学意义.结论 IVF组的多胎率明显增高,由此导致的相关风险也随之增加,减少多胎妊娠是保护出生婴儿健康的关键.

Objective To evaluate the neonatal outcomes and the prevalence of congenital mal-formationsin children born after in-vitro fertilization （IVF）. Methods IVF children（1271 cases）born of 1236 mothers were selected as IVF group and 5972 infants born to normal pregnant mothers during the same period of delivery were selected as natural delivery group. The maternal perinatal condition,neo-natal condition,birth defects and birth defects involvement system were compared between the two groups. Results The maternal age,preterm birth,cesarean section and twin / three pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the IVF group than those in the natural delivery group （P 〈 0. 05）;the low birth weight,and LBW rate were significantly higher in the IVF group than those in the natural delivery group （P 〈 0. 05）. The malformation rate of ICSI group in the IVF group was significantly higher than that in the control group,respectively,2. 68% and 1. 44% （P 〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the birth defects between each group in the IVF group and the natural delivery group. Conclusions The multiple pregnancy rates in the IVF group increased significantly,the risks associated with this increase as well,reducing multiple pregnancy is the key to protecting the health of infants born.