中国法律规范体系与立法效果评估

China's Legal Norms and the Assessment of Legislative Effectiveness

法律是治国之重器,良法是善治之前提,完备而良善的法律规范体系不仅是建设法治体系的第一要义,而且是法治国家的基本标志以及政权稳定和社会发展的基本保障。总结我国法治量化评估的经验教训,对法治体系进行宏观评估,须秉持清晰明确的价值观,有严谨合理的法治理论支撑,注重指标设定与统计的逻辑自洽,方能实现多主体/类型/视角的综合统计研究之目标。以立法完备性、科学性、民主性、受监督性为指标构建评估体系,设计针对社会公众、法学专家和法律执业者的调查问卷,借助随机抽样和立意调查两种实证研究方法,考察我国法律规范体系的实际状况并给出具有可信度的评估结果,了解我国法律体系创制与实施的底数,为完善以宪法为核心的法律体系提供助力。

Law is an important tool of national governance.Good law is the prerequisite for good governance,so complete and satisfactory legal norms are not only the prime essential for the construction of a legal system,but also the basic symbol of a country based on law and the basic guarantee of political stability and social development.To summarize the experience and lessons of the quantitative assessment of the rule of law in China and conduct a macro-assessment of the Chinese rule of law system,it is necessary to uphold clear and definite values,to have a rigorous and rational rule of law theory,and give serious consideration to the logical consistency of statistics and indicator specifications.Only in this way can we achieve a comprehensive statistical research goal with multiple entities,types and angles.This paper constructs a system of legislative assessment whose indicators are completeness;a scientific and democratic nature;and being subject to supervision.The survey instruments we have designed for the general public and legal experts and practitioners use the empirical research methods of random sampling and purposive surveys to examine the actual situation of legal norms in China and provide credible assessment outcomes.This will assist us in understanding the roots of the establishment and implementation of China's legal system,with the constitution at its heart,and will help us to improve it.