开放数据背景下政府高价值数据研究——数据供给的视角

A Research of the High Value Data of Government in the Open Access Enviornment: The Perspective of Data Supply

从数据供给的视角,探讨国际上高价值数据开放的先进经验,以期为我国构建重点领域数据开放的保障机制提供借鉴和参考。选取美国、英国、欧盟和爱尔兰为主要考察对象,查阅政府文献和开放政府合作组织的相关报告,梳理具有共性的最佳实践。各国为解决数据供给与需求之间的不匹配问题,纷纷将高价值数据优先开放作为工作的核心,形成了较为完善的保障机制,包括政策与管理文件、发布流程等。对我国而言,在数据供给上应注意避免"重开放、轻需求、低价值"现象,建设全生命周期的"优先开放"的保障机制。

From the perspective of data supply, the paper probes into the advanced experience of the international high value data opening, in order to provide reference for the construction of guarantee mechanism of China＇s key areas of data opening. Selecting the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union and Ireland as the main object of study, this research analyzes government official document and the relevant reports from open government partnership （OGP）, and summarizes the best practices from various countries. In order to solve the problem of mismatch between supply and demand, all states have high value data priority opening as the core of the work, and have formed a relatively perfect guarantee mechanism, including policy, management and technical documents, and release process, etc. For our country, we should pay attention to avoiding the phenomenon of ＂importance to opening, light demand, low value＂ in the data supply, and build the priority guarantee mechanism in the whole life cycle.