城市养老机构失智老年人激越行为的现状调查

Agitated behaviors among institutionalized elderly with dementia in Guangzhou city

目的 描述养老机构失智老年人激越行为的现状及特点.方法 采用柯恩-曼斯菲尔德激越行为量表（CMAI）以及失智老年人一般资料调查表调查广州市老年人院失智区141位失智老年人的激越行为现状.结果 90.07％（127/141）的失智老年人发生了激越行为,躯体非攻击性激越行为发生率最高为82.27％（116/141）,其余依次为躯体攻击性行为78.72％（111/141）、语言非攻击性行为74.47％（105/141）和语言攻击性行为64.54％（91/141）.其中随意吐痰/唾沫,重复句子或问题,抱怨、发牢骚的发生率较高.结论 失智老年人激越行为的发生率高,表现形式和类型多样,养老机构应予以重视,对照顾者提供专业、系统的培训,以帮助失智老年人采取正确的方式应对激越行为.

Objective To investigate the current status of agitated behaviors among institutionalized elderly with dementia. Methods The Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory （CMAI） and General Information questionnaire were used to collect information of agitated behaviors among 141 institutionalized elderly with dementia in a long-term care facility in Guangzhou. Results Nearly 90.07%（127/141） of the elderly with dementia had the symptoms of agitation. Among the four categories of the agitated behaviors, the incidence for physically non-aggressive behaviors （82.27%, 116/141） was the highest, followed by physically aggressive behaviors （78.72% , 111/141）, verbally non- aggressive behaviors （74.47%, 105/141） and verbally aggressive behaviors （64.54%, 91/141）. Spitting, repetitive sentences or questions, complaining occurred frequently. Conclusions The incidence of the agitated behaviors was high and the manifestation and types of agitated behaviors were varied, which should be paid attention to by the institution. It is necessary to develop the personalized, systematic, standardized nursing intervention to provide the support for caregivers and help the elderly with dementia to cope with agitation.