基于时机理论的家庭护理模式在急性心肌梗死中的应用观察

Observation on the application of family nursing model based on the timing theory in acute myocardial infarction

目的 探讨以时机理论为中心的家庭护理模式对急性心肌梗死患者康复效果以及患者照顾者的能力、生命质量的影响.方法 入选2015年1月至2017年1月接收且符合纳入标准的113例急性心肌梗死患者及其照顾者作为此次研究对象,通过随机对照试验,将其按照随机数字表法划分为2组,对照组56例患者及照顾者接受临床心内科常规护理,并对出院患者进行定期随访;研究组57例患者及照顾者在上述常规护理的基础上,以时机理论为框架,开展科学、系统的家庭护理模式.评价2组患者在出院后机体恢复情况,并观察2组患者照顾者照顾能力及生命质量变化.结果 干预前2组照顾者的各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义,干预后,研究组照顾者照顾能力测量表（FCTI）、照顾者压力量表（CSI）以及对疾病认知评分分别为（4.82±0.53）、（4.72±0.63）、（85.93±5.42）分,对照组分别为（12.68±1.40）、（7.15±0.84）、（70.69±5.72）分,2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=39.599、17.417、14.540,P〈0.05）;干预后,研究组患者的血糖、血压、血脂等基础疾病相关指标恢复情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.044～9.581,P〈0.05）;2组患者的生命质量评分比较,研究组患者生活健康状况生命质量评分较对照组高,差异有统计学意义（t=4.320～7.842,P〈0.05）.结论 以时机理论为中心的家庭护理模式在急性心肌梗死中的应用价值较高,及时满足患者及照顾者所需,显著提高患者照顾者的照顾能力,对促进患者病情恢复,提高生命质量具有至关重要的临床意义.

Objective To explore the effect of family nursing mode centering on the timing theory on the rehabilitation effect of patients with acute myocardial infarction and the ability of family care and quality of life. Methods 113 patients with acute myocardial infarction and their caregivers and in accordance with the inclusion criteria in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected as the research object,through a randomized controlled trial,they were randomly divided into two groups,of which 56 patients received only routine clinical department of cardiology nursing,and regular followed up patients,included in the control group;the other 57 patients in the routine nursing,the timing theory,carried out family nursing mode of science,system,included in the study group.The recovery of the two groups of patients after treatment was evaluated,and the family members＇ care ability and quality of life of the two groups were observed. Results Before intervention,there were no statistically significant differences between two groups of caregivers, the intervention study group of caregivers care ability scale （FCTI）, caregiver stress scale（CSI） and the perception of the disease scores were （4.82 ± 0.53）,（4.72 ± 0.63）, （85.93 ± 5.42）,the control group were（12.68 ± 1.40）,（7.15 ± 0.84）,（70.69 ± 5.72）, there was significant difference between two groups（t=39.599, 17.417, 14.540,P〈0.05）. After the intervention,the blood sugar,blood pressure,blood lipid and other basic diseases related indicators in the study group were better than the control group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant, P〈0.05. The quality of life of two groups was found, life quality score for living conditions of the patients in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the quality of life evaluation was higher,the difference was statistically significant（t=4.320-7.842,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The application of high value family nursing model to the time centered theory in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction patients and their families,to meet the needs,significantly improve the patient＇s ability to care for the family,for the promotion of the patients,the clinical significance of improving the quality of life is of vital.