恶性肿瘤主要照顾者社会支持在照顾负担与负性情绪间的中介效应及调节效应的研究

The moderating and mediating role of social support in the relationship between Caregiver Burden and Negative Affect in Caregivers of cancer patients

目的 探讨社会支持在恶性肿瘤主要照顾者照护负担与负性情绪间的中介效应和调节效应.方法 应用照顾者负担量表、正负性情绪量表、社会支持评定量表对407例恶性肿瘤患者主要照顾者进行问卷调查,利用回归分析来研究变量之间的效应关系.结果 社会支持在照顾者负担与负性情绪间中介效应显著,即照顾者负担不仅直接影响负性情绪,还可通过影响社会支持影响负性情绪,中介效应占总效应的比例为a×b/c=6.41％.交互作用项＂照顾者负担×社会支持＂的回归系数在以负性情绪为因变量的回归方程中显著（β=0.003,t=2.782,P〈0.01）,且引入交互作用项后新增解释量△R2达到显著水平（△R^2=0.016,P〈0.01）.结论 社会支持在恶性肿瘤患者主要照顾者照护负担与负性情绪间起中介效应和调节效应.

Objective To explore the moderating and mediating role of social support in the relationship between caregiver burden and Negative Affect in Caregivers of cancer patients. Methods A total of 407 caregivers of cancer patients in tertiary hospital in Xinjiang were recruited by cross-sectional survey method. Caregives were investigated using Caregiver Burden Scale for Cancer patients, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, theSocialSupport Rating Scale. Results Social support mediated the relationships between caregiver burden andnegative effect, which accounted for 6.41% of the total variance. The interactive effects of caregiver burden× social support on thenegative affect was significant（β=0.003, t=2.782, P〈0.01）. Conclusions Social support plays a mediatingand moderating role on the relationships between caregiver burden and negative effect.