新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎小分子药物作用机制的研究进展

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis： advance on mechanism of small-molecule drugs

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（necrotizing enterocolitis，NEC）是新生儿最常见的胃肠道急症，也是新生儿尤其是早产儿死亡的重要原因，其发病机制尚不明确且呈现多因素性，缺乏有效的预防治疗策略。随着NICU的发展和护理水平的逐步提高，NEC的检出率也显著提升。目前除了常规的手术及保守治疗，针对NEC的新兴药物研发也在不断深入进行，包括奥曲肽、促红细胞生成素、氨基酸、全反式维甲酸。本综述旨在通过对这些小分子药物在NEC治疗中的分子机制及临床应用情况进行分析总结，以回顾近年来NEC药物治疗的研究进展，为NEC的临床预防、治疗及药物研发提供相关背景知识。

Necrotizing enterocolitis （NEC） is the most common disease of gastrointestinal tract in neonate, and is an important cause of neonatal death, especially in premature. Its pathogenesis has not be clear and tends to be multifactorial,leading to the lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. With the de- velopment of neonatal intensive care unit and the gradually improvement of the nursing level, the diagnostic detection rate of NEC has increased significantly. In addition to conventional surgery and conservative treat- ment,the research and development of new drugs targeting at NEC has been carried out in-depth, including octreotide,erythropoietin, amino acid and all trans retinoic acid. Through the analysis and summary of the mechanism and clinical application of these small-molecule drugs in the treatment of NEC,this review aimed at retrospecting the research progress of NEC drug treatment in recent years to provide relevant background knowledge for clinical prevention, treatment and drug research and development of NEC.