从交易费用和合约安排角度探讨中国石化专业化重组增长路径

Discussion on the growth path of professionalized reorganization in SINOPEC from the perspective of Transaction Cost and Contract Arrangement Theory

以新制度经济学派科斯企业"交易费用"理论和张五常企业"合约安排"理论为分析框架,探讨中国石化油气勘探开发业务在集团公司纵向一体化结构内实施内部专业化重组的增长路径,为其进一步实施内部专业化与外部增量获取提供发展逻辑。从交易费用理论出发,企业的边界因为内部交易费用与市场费用孰高孰低进行重组变化,当企业内部交易费用高于外部市场费用时,则被动实施去纵向一体化。从合约安排理论出发,企业去纵向一体化是主动从要素投入到产品、劳务市场的合约转变。中国石化集团内部的专业化重组,提供了要素投入与产品、劳务市场合约的立体交叉观察角度。在油气行业纵向一体化与专业化变革背景下,当前及今后中长时期,基于行政主导下的国有(油气)集团公司实施集团公司组织框架下的内部专业化增长模式,是行政主导约束条件下的最优选择。

Within the framework of analysis on the Transaction Costs Theory of Neo-institutionalism and Contractual Management Theory of ZHANG Wuchang, this paper discusses the growth path of internal professional reorganization in the vertical integration structure of SINOPEC oil and gas exploration and development business to provide development logic for further implement internal professionalization and external incremental acquisition. According to the Transaction Costs Theory, the boundary of an enterprise would reshape and change in line with the high and the low between internal transaction costs and market costs; the passive vertical integration should be performed in case that the internal transaction costs of an enterprise are higher than the external market costs. From the Contractual Management Theory, the process of the vertical integration of an enterprise is understood to be an active shift from factor input mode to the orientation of product and services. The professional reorganization within SINOPEC group provides the three-dimensional cross-viewing angle of factor input, product and labor market contract. In the background of vertical integration and professionalized reform of oil and gas industry, to implement the internal professional growth model of the state-owned （oil and gas） group corporation under the administrative control will the best choice at present and in the future.