赤泥治理地表水体与底泥磷污染的研究进展

Application of Red Mud in Phosphorus Pollution Control of Surface Sewage and Sediment

赤泥是制铝工业提炼氧化铝过程产生的固体废弃物。目前,全球累计排放的赤泥约40亿吨,并仍以1亿2000万吨的年排放量不断增加。赤泥现在主要依靠堆场或填海处置,不仅占用大量土地资源、耗费较多维护费用,而且对周边的生态环境造成巨大的污染,因此迫切需要进行赤泥的综合利用。由于赤泥具有颗粒分散性好、比表面积大、吸附性能优、在溶液中稳定性高等优点,近年来在污染控制与环境修复中应用广泛。本文概述了赤泥的种类、矿物组成与理化特性,总结了赤泥在控制地表污水与底泥中磷的应用研究进展,重点探讨了赤泥的不同改性方法、作用机制和除磷效果,并指出了未来可能发展的研究方向。

Red mud is a solid waste produced in the process of refining alumina from the aluminum industry. At present, worldwide bauxite residue disposal areas contain an estimated 2.7 billion tons of residue, increasing by approximately 120 million tons per annum. It mainly relies on yard or reclamation disposal, not only takes up a lot of land resources, consumes more maintenance costs, but also causes great pollution to the surrounding environment. Hence, it is urgent to utilize red mud comprehensively. It has been widely used in pollution control and environmental remediation in recent years because of its good particle dispersion, large specific surface area, excellent adsorption properties and high stability in solution. This paper presented the categories, mineral composition and physicochemical characteristics of red mud, summarized the research progress of its application in the phosphorus control of sewage and surface sediment, focused on different modification methods and the mechanism of phosphorus removal and its effect, and pointed out the future development direction of research.