海南棕榈科植物上的一种新病害--柄腐病

A new Disease on the Palmaceous Plants——petiole Rot Disease in Hainan Province

对海南棕榈科植物上一种新发现的病害(柄腐病)进行了病原鉴定和致病性测定,并对病原菌进行了生物学特性的测定,为该病的防治提供理论依据。致病性测定表明:从发病植株分离所得菌株在椰子叶柄和槟榔茎杆上成功定殖并扩展,并从变色部位分离得到相同的菌株,表明分离菌为病原菌;通过观察病原菌宏观形态、显微结构和ITS序列分析,确定病原菌为棕榈浅孔菌[Grammothele fuligo(Berk.&Broome)Ryvarden],并在木屑培养基和甘蔗段上成功诱导出该菌的子实体。对棕榈浅孔菌菌丝的生物学特性测定结果表明,30℃、连续黑暗、pH5、麦芽糖、大豆蛋白胨或酵母浸膏是菌丝生长最适条件。

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen from the petiole rot disease in palmaceous plants were reported in this study. The pathogenicity of the strain isolated from the diseased plant was tested, the mycelium was successfully colonized and expanded on the coconut＇s petiole and betelnut＇s stem, and the same strain was isolated from the discolored part, indicating that the fungus was the pathogen. According to the basidiocarps of the pathogen morphology and microstructure, the pathogen was identified as Grammothele fuligo（Berk.Broome）Ryvarden, and the fruiting bodies were successfully induced on the sawdust medium and the sugarcane section.Biological characteristics tests showed that 30 ℃, continuous darkness, pH5, maltose, soya peptone and yeast extract were the optimum growth conditions for mycelia.