基于个人防护的棉织物吸湿快干整理

Moisture Absorption and Fast Drying Finishing of Cotton Fabric

在复杂灾害环境下,防护性服装是应急救援过程中必须配备的一种装备。为了改善棉织物吸湿后造成阴冷感、闷热感的缺点,提高服装的健康性、安全性,采用十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷(DTMS)作为低表面能改性剂,适度封闭棉纤维分子链上的羟基,得到具有一定吸湿快干能力的棉织物。分析了DTMS用量对棉织物吸湿快干性能的影响,探讨了整理前后棉织物滴水扩散时间、扩散直径、毛细高度、回潮率、保水率以及放湿性的变化。结果表明,随着DTMS用量增加,织物表面亲水性下降,棉纤维与水之间结合力减小,纤维表面张力减小,表面水分快速蒸发,织物干燥速率加快,可以满足吸湿快干的效果。

In case of complex disaster environment, protective clothing must be equipped with emergency rescue process. In order to improve the moisture management performance of cotton fabric, and qualify the health and safety requirement, dodecyltrimethoxysilane （DTMS） was used as low surface energy modifier to obtained fast drying cotton fabric with good moisture absorption. By grafting DTMS on cotton fibers, part of hydroxyl groups of cotton fibers lost their hydrophibicity. As a result, the drying of fabrics was easy to happen. The influence of the amount of the DTMS on cotton fabric~ moisture absorption and drying properties including the drip diffusion time, the diffusion diameter of fabric, height of the capillary, moisture regain, water retention and moisture desorption were studied. The results show that when the amount of the DTMS is constantly increasing, the hydrophilicity of the fabric＇s surface decreases. The surface tension of fabric and the binding force between water and cotton fiber were also gradually reduced. The moisture of fabric evaporated rapidly and the drying rate of the fabric was fast.