全球价值链背景下我国OFDI促进经济转型的策略研究

Study on the Strategy of OFDI Promoting Economic Transformation Based on Global Value Chain

伴随着我国劳动力比较优势丧失、产能过剩和技术瓶颈等问题日益凸显,我国经济面临着转型升级的紧迫任务。我国对外直接投资通过技术逆向溢出效应和生产要素全球配置促进国内技术进步和转型升级,应积极鼓励企业加大研发投入,通过产学研合作、吸引人才等方式来提高自身对技术知识的吸收能力,推动技术的逆向溢出;另外,在通过对外直接投资参与全球价值链分工的过程中需充分推进发挥国内市场的规模优势,实现"市场换技术"战略逐步转变为"整合营销和技术创新双重追赶"战略,才能更有效地通过OFDI来促进国内技术的进步,提高全要素生产率(TFP),进而加速我国经济转型升级。

With the loss of comparative advantage of China＇s labor force, excess capacity and technical bot-tlenecks and other issues have become increasingly prominent, the Chinese economy is facing the urgent task of transformation and upgrading. China＇s foreign direct investment can promote domestic technological progress and transformation and upgrading through technological reverse spillover effects and global distribution of production factors. It should actively encourage enterprises to increase RD investment, cooperate with Uni-versity in research, attract talent to improve their absorption of technical knowledge and promote the reverse spillover of technology; On the other hand, it should fully promote the scale advantage of the domestic market through the participation of OFDI in the process of division of labor in the global value chain, in oder to real-ize the strategy of ＂market for technology＂ to gradually become the strategy of ＂double pursuit of integrated marketing and technological innovation＂. It can promote domestic technology progress through the OFDI more ef-fectively, improve total factor productivity（TFP）, so as to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of China＇s economy.