三七植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展

Research Progress of Chemical Composition And Pharmacological Actions of Panax notoginseng

三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen)含有皂苷类、多糖类、黄酮类、炔类、醇类等结构不同的多种化学成分,其有效成分以皂苷类和三七素为主,具有止血、活血、补血、抗血栓、保护心肌等多种药理作用,已被广泛用于临床疾病的治疗中。本文针对三七的应用现状,结合国内外相关文献,综述了三七皂苷及多糖类的主要活性成分类型,分别比较了三七皂苷及多糖的提取工艺,概述了三七活性成分在抗炎、抗肿瘤、提高免疫力、活血化瘀等方面的药理作用。为加强三七多糖的研究,优化三七活性物质提取工艺,完善三七总皂苷与其它药用成分配伍体系,进而加快三七植物的综合开发提供参考。

Panax notoginseng（Burk.） F.H.Chen contains saponins,polysaccharides,flavonoids,alkyne,alcohol and other physiological active substances.Among notoginseng,saponins and decichine are the main effective components.Their pharmacological actions mainly include hemostasis,activating blood,blood tonic,anti-thrombus,protecting myocardium and various pharmacological actions.Notoginseng has been widely used in the treatment of clinical diseases.This paper was aimed to review the application status of notoginseng based on previous studies from both at home and abroad.It summarized main active ingredients of notoginseng saponins and polysaccharides;compared extraction process of notoginseng saponins and polysaccharides,respectively;outlined active ingredients of notoginseng in antiinflammatory,anti-tumor,immune strengthening,activating blood to remove stasis and other aspects of pharmacological effects.Additionally,we provided multiple researches,such as strengthening research of notoginseng polysaccharides,optimizing extraction process of notoginseng active substances,and improving compatibility system of notoginseng saponins and other medicinal components,in order to promote a comprehensive exploitation of notoginseng.