装配式建筑与传统建筑施工阶段可持续性差异研究——基于某项目的实证分析

The Sustainability Differences in the Construction Stage Between Prefabricated and Conventional Buildings:An Empirical Analysis

为明确装配式建筑的优势,推动装配式建筑的发展,基于文献分析和专家访谈从节能、减排、质量和安全4个方面构建了装配式建筑与传统建筑施工阶段可持续性差异指标,并结合实际案例,对可持续性差异进行了实证分析。结果表明:总体上,装配式建筑在可持续性上要明显优于传统建筑;装配式建筑与传统建筑在节能、减排和安全三方面的可持续性上差异明显;装配式建筑在操作难度、施工质量、工作强度、用水量、作业安全、能源消耗、噪音、废弃物、粉尘和模板用量等指标的可持续性上较传统建筑具有明显或比较明显优势;在可持续性差异评价中,构件生产单位的评价最高,其次是施工单位、建设单位、监理单位和设计单位。

To identify the advantages and advance the development of prefabricated buildings,this paper established an sustainability index system in the construction stage from the aspects of energy saving,emission reduction,quality, and safety based on the literature review and experts interview. In addition,this paper validates the proposed index by evaluating the differences between prefabricated and conventional buildings in a real case. The results show that prefabricated building has more advantages than conventional building as a whole. Prefabricated buildings has more advantages in energy saving,emission reduction and safety aspects. Regarding the detailed indicators, prefabricated buildings are superior in the operation,construction quality,work intensity,water consumption,work safety,energy use,noise,waste,dust and form-work consumption. The suppliers of prefabricated components has a highest score in the evaluation,followed by contractors,developers,supervisors and designers.