四川省1796例社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平与生活质量的相关性分析

Correlation between self-management level and quality of life among 1 796 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community in Sichuan province

目的 了解四川省城市社区2型糖尿病患者的自我管理水平及生活质量现状,并探讨二者的相关性,为针对性地提高患者的自我管理水平及生活质量提供实证依据.方法 采用横断面调查方法,采用自行编制的自我管理行为量表及中文版简明健康调查量表（SF-36）对四川省12个城市的20家社区卫生服务中心的2型糖尿病患者的自我管理水平、生活质量进行调查,分析二者相关性.结果 共调查1796例2型糖尿病患者,自我管理行为量表总均分为（3.25±0.46）分（满分5分）,SF-36量表生理健康和心理健康得分分别为（277.3±77.5）、（282.7±70.8）分.除并发症监测行为维度仅与心理健康呈正相关外（r=0.194,P〈0.01）,自我管理总均分及饮食治疗、运动治疗、药物治疗、血糖监测、危险因素各维度均与生理健康（r值分别为0.304、0.265、0.441、0.467、0.262、0.361;P〈0.05）、心理健康呈正相关（r值分别为0.380、0.354、0.364、0.466、0.352、0.406;P〈0.05）.结论 四川省社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为、生活质量均不理想;自我管理行为越好,生活质量越高;社区应加强患者疾病自我管理能力,促进患者生活质量提高.

Objective To investigate the current situation of self-management level and quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） of the urban community in Sichuan province and to explore the correlation between them. Methods Self-management level and quality of life of patients with T2DM from 20 community health services of 12 cities in Sichuan province was investigated with the self-designed diabetes self-management behavior scale and the short form 36 questionnaire （SF-36） by the method of a cross-sectional survey. The correlation between self-management level and quality of life was analyzed. Results A total of 1 796 patients with T2DM were investigated. The total average score of the self-management behavior and the scores of physical health and mental health of the SF-36 were （3.25±0.46） （full marks are 5）, （277.3±77.5）, （282.7±70.8）. The score of the dimension of behavior on complications monitoring had a positive correlation with the score of mental health （r=0.194, P〈 0.01）. The total average score and scores of dimensions of diet therapy, exercise therapy, medication therapy, blood sugar monitoring and risk factors were positively correlated with the score of physical health （r=0.304, 0.265, 0.441, 0.467, 0.262, 0.361; P〈0.05） and the score of mental health （r=0.380, 0.354, 0.364, 0.466, 0.352, 0.406; P〈 0.05）. Conclusions The self-management level and quality of life among patients with T2DM of the urban community in Sichuan province are not ideal. The better the self-management is, the higher the quality of life is. Communities should improve disease self-management skills and quality of life of patients.