整体护理在体外冲击波碎石术治疗孤立肾结石患者围术期护理中的应用

Application of the holistic nursing in perioperative nursing among patients with solitary kidney calculi with the treatment of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

目的 探讨整体护理干预在体外冲击波碎石术治疗孤立肾结石患者围术期护理中的应用效果.方法 选取2014年1月-2016年1月北京大学第一医院泌尿科门诊的孤立肾结石患者62例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组32例和对照组30例,对照组采用常规围术期护理,观察组给予整体护理干预,使用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对两组患者碎石术后进行评估,并比较两组并发症的差异.结果 与观察组相比,对照组患者SCL-90的躯体不适症状明显（Z=6.356,P〈0.05）,对照组患者存在轻度焦虑、抑郁症状（Z=6.407、6.758;P〈0.05）.观察组患者出现肉眼血尿19例、肾绞痛3例,发生率低于对照组的肉眼血尿25例、肾绞痛10例,两组差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.314、5.363;P〈0.05）.结论 整体护理措施能改善孤立肾结石患者的治疗效果,有效减少术后并发症.

Objective To explore the effects of the holistic nursing in perioperative nursing among patients with solitary kidney calculi with the treatment of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Methods A total of 62 patients with solitary kidney calculi in out-patient service of urology department at Peking University First Hospital were selected from January 2014 to January 2016. They were divided into observation group （n=32, holistic nursing） and control group （n=30, routinely perioperative nursing） with the method of the random number table. The psychologic status evaluated by the symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90） and complications was compared between two groups after lithotripsy. Results Compared with that in observation group, the symptom of body discomfort in SCL-90 of patients in control group was significant （Z=6.356, P〈 0.05）. Moreover, patients in control group were with anxiety and depression （Z=6.407, 6.758; P〈0.05）. There were 19 patients with gross hematuria and three patients with renal colic in observation group. The incidences of gross hematuria and renal colic were lower than those （25 patients with gross hematuria and 10 patients with renal colic） in control group with significant differences （χ2=4.314, 5.363; P〈0.05）. Conclusions The holistic nursing can improve the treatment effects of patients with solitary kidney calculi and effectively reduce postoperative complications.