基于区域生态补偿机制的横向转移支付制度理论与对策研究

Research on the Theory and Countermeasures of Horizontal Transfer Payment System Based on Regional Ecological Compensation Mechanism

完善的生态补偿机制是主体功能区建设规划达到预期目标的关键,而完善财政转移支付制度又是建设生态补偿机制的基础,但目前单一的中央财政纵向转移支付制度无法应对大规模的区域性生态环境保护问题,因此,建立区域政府间横向财政支付体系对于目前生态补偿机制至关重要。基于此,立足于外部性理论、公共产品理论,从我国目前生态补偿财政转移支付体系遇到的问题出发,在探究建立横向财政转移支付体系必要性的基础上,构建以"生态补偿基金"为核心的区域政府间横向财政转移支付体系,并针对可能出现的障碍提出有针对性的保障措施,恰逢其时。

The perfect ecological compensation mechanism is the key to the construction of the main functional areas toachieve the desired goal, and improving the fiscal transfer payment system is the basis for building the ecological compensa-tion mechanism. However, the single central government's vertical transfer payment system is unable to cope with the large-scale regional ecological and environmental protection problems. Therefore, it is very important to establish regional-intergov-ernmental horizontal fiscal transfer payment system for the current ecological compensation mechanism. Based on the theory ofexternalities and public product theory, this paper, starting from the problems of current ecological compensation fiscal trans-fer payment system in China, based on exploring the necessity of establishing horizontal fiscal transfer payment system, con-structs the regional-intergovernmental horizontal fiscal transfer payment system with the core of the"ecological compensationfund", and proposes the targeted protection measures for possible problems.