国内外精神科护理研究热点的比较分析

The Comparative Analysis the Hotspots of Psychiatric Nursing Research at Home and Abroad

目的了解近5年国内外精神科护理研究的热点并对其进行比较分析,以期对我国精神科护理研究的发展起到一定的启发和借鉴作用。方法以通过万方、PubMed全文数据库检索出的2012-2016年发表的国内外精神科护理文献的主题词作为研究对象,使用Bicomb、gCLUTO软件对主题词进行词频分析和共词聚类分析。结果共纳入中文文献2380篇,英文文献1222篇;通过对国外内研究文献中前50%的高频主题词(国内研究的42个主题词,国外研究的57个主题词)进行共词聚类分析,呈现出国内精神护理研究的4个热点为老年精神障碍、精神分裂症、精神科护理安全以及精神科护理实践方法;国外精神护理研究的4个热点为精神科护理安全、精神科护理教育、精神科护理实践方法以及精神科护士对精神科患者/干预方法的态度。结论开展与精神科风险评估、多学科合作、老年精神障碍患者的护理、延伸护理、精神科护理人员的培养等相关研究内容,可以成为近期我国精神科护理研究的探索方向。

Objective To explore and compare the hotspots of psychiatric nursing research at home and abroad in the past 5 years,in order to provide reference and inspiration for the development of psychiatric nursing research.Methods We searched the subject terms of psychiatric literatures in Wanfang database and PubMed full-text database from 2012 to 2016.The word frequency analysis and co-word cluster analysis were conducted using Bicomb software and gCLUTO software.Results 2380 Chinese articles and 1222 English articles were included.Through the co-word cluster analysis of the top 50% high-frequency key words(42 subject terms in domestic studies and 57 subject terms in foreign studies),it showed that the four hotspots of mental nursing research in China were geriatric mental disorder,schizophrenia,psychiatric nursing safety,and psychiatric nursing practice while the four hotspots of mental nursing research in foreign countries were psychiatric nursing safety,psychiatric nursing education,psychiatric nursing practice,and psychiatric nurses' attitudes to patients/interventions.Conclusion Research about psychiatric risk assessment,multidisciplinary cooperation,care of elderly patients with mental disorders,extended nursing,and psychiatric nursing staff training should be encouraged in China.