睾酮对动物生殖和生长发育影响的研究进展

Research Progress on Effect of Testosterone on the Animal Reproduction and Growth

睾酮(T)是最主要的雄性激素,主要由睾丸间质细胞(LCs)生成,对精子发生和卵泡发育以及维持其他组织器官正常的生理活动具有重要意义。研究发现,睾酮除了通过结合雄激素受体(AR)调控基因转录和蛋白质表达以外,还可通过结合AR或其他膜受体并激活一系列信号通路,从而调控相关细胞因子的表达,在生殖系统、骨组织、心脑血管和皮肤等方面扮演重要角色。目前关于睾酮的研究多集中在模式动物上,尤其是其作为激素分子的信号通路研究方面,缺少从来源到发挥作用这一完整途径的相关资料。文章从LCs的分化和成熟、睾酮的合成及合成调控、睾酮对动物生殖与生长发育的影响三个方面进行综述,以期为睾酮的进一步研究提供参考资料。

Testosterone(T)is the primary male sex hormone,mainly produced by Leydig cells(LCs);it's of great significance to promote spermatogenesis and follicular development and to maintain physiological activities of other tissues and organs.The study found that T can regulate gene transcription and protein expression by binding to androgen receptor(AR),and can activate a series of signaling pathways to regulate the expression of related cytokines by binding to AR or other membrane receptors.Thus,T plays an important role in many aspects,such as the reproductive system,bone tissue,cardiovascular system,brain tissue and skin.At present,many researches on T focus on animal models,especially the molecular signaling pathways as hormones,but lacking the overall data from its source to function.Therefore,this review presented a general progress that the LCs differentiation and maturation,the T synthetic process and synthetic regulation,and T on animal reproduction and growth,which would provide some references for the further study of T.