不同社会经济条件下地方猪遗传资源的变化——以民猪和金华猪为例

Variation of Local Pig Genetic Resources in Different Economic Condition:A Case Study of Min Pigs and Jinhua Pigs

为了研究社会经济条件的变化对地方猪遗传资源的影响,以《中国猪品种志》、《中国畜禽遗传资源志-猪志》以及近年相关文献作为数据来源,对不同社会经济状况下的民猪和金华猪近三十年来不同阶段遗传资源的变化情况进行了对比分析。结果显示,民猪与金华猪群体规模呈现先下降后上升趋势;体重体尺、育肥性能指标均有上升趋势;繁殖性能等指标变化不太明显。研究表明,随着社会经济条件的变化,社会需求和饲养方式发生了一定的变化,外来品种的引进、猪种的杂交选育以及规模化养殖的普及,导致地方品种猪的规模出现大幅度波动,相应的品种性能也呈现相应的改变。

Comparative analysis on the changes of genetic resources of Min pig and Jinhua pig in 3 stages of recent 30 years was conducted based on the data from "Pig Breeds in China",Animal Genetic Resources in China,Pigs and other relate document to understand the affection to the local pig genetic resources under the changes of the social and economic condition.The results showed that the population size of the breeds decreased at the second stage and then reversed at the third stage;the body size enlarged,fattening performance turned better and reproductive performance changed less.The research indicated that social demand and feeding pattern altered with the changes of social and economic conditions;the scale of local varieties was greatly fluctuated induced by the introduction of foreign breeds,hybrid breeding of pig breeds and the popularity of large-scale pig raising,and the corresponding variety performance had been changed accordingly.