博物馆丝织品染料常规光老化研究

Study on routine light aging of silk dyes in museums

光照对丝织文物具有不可逆的损伤,染料损耗为早期现象。文章采用常规光老化方法,分析黄檗、槐米、苏木、紫草及茜草5种古代丝织品常见植物染料在卤素光及LED光源下的褪色速率,结果表明在卤素灯及LED灯下黄檗、槐米的色牢度较差,苏木的色牢度最佳,同时采用高效液相色谱质谱联用技术对染料的光老化进程进行分析。常规光老化因模拟博物馆常规光照度,试验更接近真实老化过程,该试验结果有助于文物保护人员在丝织品展陈及保存时设计合理的光源以减少光损耗。

Light has irreversible damage to silk cultural relics,and dye loss is an early phenomenon. In the present study,routine light aging experiments were used to investigate the color fading rate of five vegetable dyes which were frequently used for antique silk fabrics,including amur cork, pagoda tree, sapanwood, madder, and shikonin, under halogen and LED lamps. The results show that the color fastnesses of amur cork and pagoda tree were the worst under halogen and LED lamps,while that of sapanwood was the best. High performance liquid chromatography （ HPLC） was further used to analyze the light aging process of the dyes. Since routine light aging experiments mimicked the real aging process of silk fabrics under the normal illumination conditions in museums, the experiments were close to the real aging process. The results are useful for illumination design in exhibition and conservation of historical silk textiles to minimize the light loss.