履带风送式喷雾机的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Caterpillar Air-assisted Orchard Sprayer

果园病虫害防治是果园生产中重要的环节之一,目前果园规模增大,病虫害加剧,防治过程中大量喷施农药,造成农药浪费污染环境,并占用大量劳动力。针对此现状,设计了一种距离可调和方向可控的定向对靶喷雾机。该机根据果树高度和树冠大小,调节喷头位置和喷施方向,利用离心式风机实现阵列式送风对雾滴进行二次雾化,并可根据喷施要求控制喷头开关实现不同靶标精确对靶,减少了农药使用量和环境污染,减轻了劳动强度,提高了作业效率。通过喷雾量测定,各个喷头喷雾量变异系数均小于5%,符合设计要求。

Controlling orchard pest is one of the key technologies to produce high quality fruit. At present,controlling orchard pest is used to high dosage and labor intensity. In order to reduce costs and save labor,according to fruit height,crown size,row spacing and dosage,this paper designed an adjustable spray direction and distance to the target mist spray applicator. For different height fruit trees,crown size and different operating layers,this paper designed a number of position adjustable nozzle by use of centrifugal fan or array air supply. Through the switch and adjust the different nozzles,this machine achieved the exact target and reduced pesticide waste or pollution. By measuring spray volume,the spray coefficient was less than 5%,which met the design requirement.