小型蔬菜穴盘精密播种机的设计与试验

Design and Test of Small Vegetable Plug Tray Precison Seeder

目前,国内温室大棚蔬菜穴盘人工播种费时费力、生产效率低,现有机型对蔬菜穴盘播种适应性差,不能满足中小蔬菜种植户的轻简、低成本要求。为此,设计了一种小型蔬菜穴盘精密播种机,整机采用全气力驱动和气针播种,能连续实现自动进盘、打穴与单粒播种,通过更换播种针头的数量和型号,可适应不同形态蔬菜种子及穴盘规格。为提高样机开发速度和质量,降低生产成本,基于Solid Works软件对关键部件进行了数字化设计与三维建模,建立了小型蔬菜穴盘精密播种机虚拟样机,进而自动生成平面二维工程图进行样机的生产加工。最后,对番茄等蔬菜种子进行播种试验,结果表明:小型蔬菜穴盘精密播种机的单粒率水平在91%以上,满足了蔬菜穴盘精播育苗的要求。

Greenhouse vegetable tray manual seeding is time-consuming,low production efficiency. The existing seeders are also unfit for different forms of vegetable seeds and plug tray size which can not meet the small vegetable growers of lightweight and low cost requirements in china. In this paper,a small vegetable plug tray precision seeder was designed by using pneumatic drive and needle seeding,which could automatically feed,indent and sow with the single grain with different seeding needles. In order to improve design quality and shorten the product development cycle,The key components of plug tray precison seeder were designed and modeled with the solidworks software. The virtual prototype of small vegetable plug tray precison seeder was established,and the plane 2D engineering drawings were automatically generated,which used for machining the parts and seeder. Finally,the seeding test was conducted and results showed that the single grain rate of the small vegetable plug precision seeding machine was more than 91%,which meet the requirements of the precision seeding.