气吸式播种机自动配比施肥控制系统的研究

Research on Gas Suction Seeder Automatic Proportioning Fertilization Control System

为了解决传统粗放施肥化肥用量大、人工配比混肥费时费力及生态环境污染严重等问题,设计了一种可根据土壤肥力自动配比的2行变量施肥控制系统。肥箱设计为一体三箱室结构,每一个箱室装一种肥料并在箱室底部安装电动排肥器,通过2个下位机控制器控制6个排肥器来实现2行、3种肥料的在线自动配比施肥。系统采用安装在地轮上的编码器反馈机车速度信息,通过无线通信模块将速度信息传给上位机,上位机结合施肥参数处理后传给下位机,下位机根据机车速度实时调整排肥电机转速而控制施肥量。试验结果表明:该机施肥控制精度在90%以上,可满足按需配比变量施肥的要求。

In order to solve the traditional extensive fertilizer with large consumption,ratio of artificial mixed fertilizer waste time and energy,serious environmental pollution,design one can according to soil fertility to ratio of 2 rows automatic proportioning fertilization control system. Fertilizer box design for 3 cases of chamber structure,each chamber with a fertilizer and installing two fertilizer seeds at the bottom of the chamber,through two lower machine respectively control3 fertilizer seeds to achieve 2 rows,3 kinds of fertilizer on-line automatic proportioning fertilization. The system use the encoder installed on the wheel to feedback locomotive speed,using wireless communication module to transmit speed to PC,PC combined with fertilization parameters after processing to the lower machine,the lower machine according to the speed of the locomotive to control fertilizer rate. Experimental show that the control accuracy of system is more than 90%,meeting the requirements of on-demand proportion variable fertilization.