果树对光环境变动的生理响应

Physiological Response of Fruit tree on Light Environment Changes

叶片光合作用是果树产量和品质形成的基础,我国目前90%的苹果园采用乔砧密植栽培模式,树冠郁闭,内膛光照恶化,产量品质下降,成为制约我国苹果品质提升和产量增加的重要瓶颈。该文综述了果树栽培生理过程中光环境变动的重要意义,分析了光照强度、光质和光环境变动对叶片功能和光合生理的影响,介绍了目前光合作用分析技术的新进展,并对未来果树对光环境变动生理响应方面应该开展的研究内容进行了阐述,以期为揭示果树适应动态光强的机理以及我国现阶段乔砧密植果园树形改造提供理论依据。

The photosynthesisis the basis for the formation of production and fruit quality of fruit trees.At present,high density apple with vigorous rootstock accout for 90% of apple orchards in China. So,closed leaf canopy,poor light within tree canopy,low production and poor fruit quaility were the main bottlenecks to restrictquality improvement and yield increase of apple.In this paper,the importance of light environment changes in the physiological process of fruit tree cultivation was reviewed. The effects of light intensity,light quality and light environment on leaf function and photosynthetic physiology were summarized. Some new advances in the field of photosynthesis analysis were introduced. The research contents about physiological responses to light environment changes should be elaborated.This paper would provide the theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism that fruit trees adapt to dynamic light intensity and the tree shape reconstruction technology of apple orchard with vigorous rootstock.