尘肺病患者中医体质类型分布情况研究

Distribution Study of Chinese Medicine Constitution Types in Patients with Pneumoconiosis

目的:分析尘肺病患者的中医体质类型分布规律,分析其与一般人群中医体质分布规律是否存在差异。方法:采用"中医体质量表"对山东省内3家医院的尘肺病患者进行中医体质类型的调查,并运用统计学方法分析尘肺病患者(病例组)中医体质类型与一般人群(对照组)的差异。结果:病例组中构成比高的前3种体质依次为气虚质、阳虚质和气郁质,构成比低的3种体质依次为血瘀质、平和质和湿热质。对照组中构成比高的前3种体质依次为平和质、气虚质、湿热质,构成比低的3种体质依次是特禀质、血瘀质和气郁质。从个别体质上看,病例组与对照组分布差异较大的体质有气虚质(病例组高于对照组)、平和质(对照组高于病例组)、阳虚质(病例组高于对照组)和湿热质(对照组高于病例组)。病例组与对照组中医体质分布情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:气虚质和阳虚质可能是尘肺病患者的主要体质。因兼见气郁、阴虚、痰湿等体质,故治疗尘肺病应以补气温阳、疏肝理气、养阴生津、化痰祛湿为主。

Objective： To analyze the distribution law of Chinese medicine constitution types in patients with pneumoconiosis,and to analyze whether there is difference between the distribution law and that of common people.Methods：Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire（CCMQ） was applied to investigate Chinese medicine constitution types in patients with pneumoconiosis in 3 hospitals in Shandong province.The difference of distribution law of Chinese medicine constitution types in patients with pneumoconiosis and that in common people was analyzed through statistical method.Results： In the case group,constitution types whose constituent ratio ranked the first three successively were qi-deficiency constitution,yang-deficiency constitution and qi-stagnation constitution,while constitution types whose constituent ratio ranked the last three successively were blood stasis constitution,mild constitution and damp-heat constitution.In the control group,constitution types whose constituent ratio ranked the first three successively were mild constitution,qi-deficiency constitution and damp-heat constitution,while constitution types whose constituent ratio ranked the last three successively were allergies constitution,blood stasis constitution and qi-stagnation constitution.From the perspective of individual constitution,significant differences between the case group and the control group were found in qi-deficiency constitution（the one in the case group being higher than that in the control group）,mild constitution（the one in the control group being higher than that in the case group）,yang-deficiency constitution（the one in the case group being higher than that in the control group）,and damp-heat constitution（the one in the control group being higher than that in the case group）.Compared the distribution of Chinese medicine constitution types in the case group with that in the control group,the difference was significant（P〈0.001）.Conclusion：Qi-deficiency constitution and yang-deficiency constitution are likely to be the main constitution types in patients with pneumoconiosis.Due to the combination of qi-stagnation constitution,yin-deficiency constitution,phlegm-dampness constitution and other constitutions,the treatment of pneumoconiosis should focus on reinforcing qi and warming yang,soothing liver and regulating qi,nourishing yin and generating body fluid,as well as dispelling phlegm and eliminating dampness.