体况评分与步态评分对奶牛生产性能的影响

Effect of Body Condition Score and Locomotion Score on the Production Performance in Dairy Cows

为探究体况评分(Body Condition Score,BCS)和步态评分(Locomotion Score,LS)对奶牛泌乳性能的影响,本试验在2016年7月至8月通过对北京地区7个奶牛场近5 000头泌乳牛进行体况和步态评分并收集相关的DHI数据,采用固定模型分析BCS和LS的影响因素及场、胎次、泌乳阶段、LS和BCS对日产奶量、体细胞数及乳成分的影响。结果表明:BCS和LS对日产奶量均有极显著影响(P<0.01),BCS对乳蛋白率有显著影响(P<0.05);胎次对LS有极显著影响(P<0.01),而对BCS无显著影响,场-测量人、泌乳阶段对BCS和LS均有极显著影响(P<0.01);LS与BCS之间回归关系显著,LS较高的个体BCS较低。在生产上可以综合运用BCS和LS加强管理,提升产奶量,改善乳品质量,使牛场获得更大的经济利益。

To investigate the influence of body condition score （BCS） and locomotion score （LS） on the milk yield performance in dairy cows, data of 5000 cows on 7 dairy farms in Beijing area during July and August 2016 was collected.The effects of farm, parity, lactation stage, BCS and LS on milk yield, somatic cell count （SCC） and milk components were analyzed by linear model using SAS, so did the factors affecting BCS and LS. Results showed that the effects of the BCS and LS on the daily milk yield were both highly significant （P〈0.01）, and the effect of the BCS on the protein percent was significant （P〈0.05）. Parity had significant effect （P〈0.01） on LS, however, no effect on BCS, The effect of farm-scorer on BCS and LS was highly significant （P〈0.01）,so did lactation stage. The regression relationship between LS and BCS was significant, and the cows with higher LS tends to have lower BCS. In practice, the BCS and LS can be used to strengthen dairy management, improve the milk yield and milk quality, and achieve great economic benefits.