村镇尺度土地利用变化特征及人文驱动力分析

Changes in village land use and human driving forces

城乡过渡带是城市化进程的产物,深入研究城乡过渡带土地利用变化规律和驱动机制,对于区域可持续发展具有重要意义.本文以北京市典型城乡过渡带马坡-牛栏山镇为研究对象,采用土地转移矩阵和Logistic耦合模型深入分析当地土地利用变化特征及人文驱动机制.研究结果表明:2001—2015年期间,马坡-牛栏山镇基质景观类型由耕地转为建设用地,耕地、水域、未利用地面积不断减少,建设用地、林地面积持续增加,园地较为稳定;在村镇尺度的研究中,土地利用变化受社会经济和区位因素共同作用而发生,区位因素对建设用地、园地、未利用地的变化具有主导作用,社会经济因素对耕地、林地、水域的变化具有主导作用.本文为探讨北京城乡过渡带土地利用变化特征、改善土地利用结构、实现城乡过渡带土地资源的可持续利用提供重要理论依据.

To study land use changes and their driving forces in urban-rural fringe-regions is of great significance for sustained development. To identify forces or factors driving land use changes in Mapo and Niulanshan in Beijing suburbs, a typical urban-rural fringe-region, transfer matrix and logistic regression was applied to analyze land use data from 2001 to 2015, and to quantify the relationship between land use change and human factors. Matrix landscape in Mapo and Niulanshan had changed gradually from cultivated land to construction land. Cultivated land, water area, and unused land continued to decrease, whereas construction land and forest land continued to increase, with garden land remained stable. On an individual village scale, land use at Mapo and Niulanshan was influenced by both socioeconomic and natural factors. Land location was a leading factor in its change to construction land, garden land and unused land. Socioeconomic factors played a leading role in the change of cultivated land, forest land and water area. The present work provides some clues for further exploration of trend of land use change, for improvement of the land use structure and realization of sustainable land utilization in such urban-rural fringe regions.