浙中明清古民居营造技艺的文化传承

Cultural Inheritance of the Building Techniques of Ancient Residential Buildings of Qing and Ming Dynasties in Mid-Zhejiang Area

明清古民居为浙中古民居的巅峰之作,对后世影响深远,但其营造技艺却面临日渐消亡的窘境。浙中明清古民居多砖木结构,其插梁式构架与北方的抬梁式及江南常见的穿斗式建筑构架大不相同,稳重严谨的设计及蕴含其中的与自然和谐共生、耕读传家的文化理念仍值得传承与借鉴。现代浙中民居的造屋习俗、营造技艺是传统古民居历史维度上的延续、传承与创新,是当下非物质文化遗产的保护与传承的重要体现。

The residential buildings built in Ming and Qing dynasties reach the climax of mid-Zhejiang ancient residential buildings, and exert a great influence on later generations, but their building techniques come to declining extinction. The mid-Zhejiang ancient buildings in Ming and Qing dynasties are structured primarily by woods and bricks, show a great difference from the arch-girder-structured building in northern China and the crossing-capestructured buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, and the reserved and compact building structure and the cultural concepts of men-nature-harmonized living and behaving-and-studying-combined life embedded in those structures are still worth inheriting and learning. The current building customs and building techniques of residual buildings are the historical continuation, inheritance and innovation of these ancient buildings, and are the important representation of the protection and inheritance of current intangible cultural heritage.