基于光学散射截面的进动空间目标运动分析

Motion analysis of precession space target based on optical cross section

针对空间目标光学散射截面(OCS)计算过程中存在的精度低等问题,采用了基于空间目标常用材料实测BRDF数据拟合出的改进Phong模型,并对卫星模型表面进行褶皱处理,提高了计算精度。在STK中设计了卫星处于不同进动状态下的运动场景,分别计算了这些场景下卫星的OCS时序数据,通过对数据的周期性进行对比分析,发现进动角对卫星光学散射特性的影响。进一步研究表明:当卫星的进动角较小时,可以从卫星的光学散射特性数据中反演出卫星的旋转速度;当卫星的进动角大于临界值(对文中设计的场景来说,该临界值为30°)时,无法从卫星的光学散射特性数据中反演卫星的周期性。

In order to solve the problem of low accuracy in the calculation of space objective optical cross section （OCS）, the improved Phong model based on the BRDF data of the space object was used, and the surface of the satellite model was folded. In the STK, the motion scene of the satellites in different precession states was designed. The OCS timing data of these satellites were calculated respectively. The influence of the precession angle on the optical scattering characteristics of the satellite was found by comparing the data periodically. Further research shows that when the precession angle of the satellite is small, the rotation speed of the satellite can be retrieved from the optical scattering characteristic data of the satellite. When the precession angle of the satellite is larger than the critical value （for the scenario designed in this paper, the value is 30~）, it becomes impossible to invert the periodicity of the satellite from the optical scattering characteristic data of the satellite.